部份中文顺氯氨铂处方资料（仅供参考）
英文药名:Platinol-AQ (Cisplatin Injection)
中文药名：顺氯氨铂
生产厂家：CORDEN PHARMA
药品介绍
本品为目前常用的金属铂类络合物，具有抗瘤谱广、对乏氧细胞有效的特点。但对肾、神经系统及胰腺有毒性。
性状
黄色结晶性粉末，无臭，微溶于水，在水溶液中可逐渐转化成反式和水解。
药理及应用
能与DNA结合形成交叉键，从而破坏DNA的功能不能再复制；高浓度时也抑制RNA及蛋白质的合成。为一种周期非特异性药物。本品作用的另一特点是对乏氧细胞也有作用。进入人体后可扩散通过带电的细胞膜。在Cl离子浓度高的条件下较稳定，进入细胞后由于细胞内Cl浓度低，药物水解为阳离子水化物，具有类似烷化剂的双功能基团的作用，主要与DNA链上的碱基作用。
静脉注射时在肝、肾、膀胱中分布最多。在血浆中迅速消失，呈双相型，快相t1/241～49分钟，慢相t1/257～73小时。静脉注射后1小时血浆含量为10%左右，90%中与血浆蛋白结合。排出较慢，1天内尿中排出19%～34%，4天内尿中仅排出25%～44%。
临床适应证：顺铂对多种实体肿瘤均有效，如睾丸肿瘤、乳腺癌、肺癌、头颈部癌、卵巢癌、骨肉瘤及黑色素瘤等。为当前联合化疗中最常用的药物之一。
用法
静脉注射，1次20mg，溶于生理盐水30ml中，1日1次或隔日1次，一疗程总量100mg。或溶于氯化钠注射液500ml中滴注，连用5天，或每次30mg/m2，每日1次，连用3天，间隔3～4周可再重复给药。或以高剂量80～120mg/m2静脉滴注，每3～4周重复1次，需配合水化利尿，使尿量保持在2000～3000ml。本品亦可动脉注射或胸、腹腔内注射。
注意
不良反应主要为消化道反应、肾脏毒性、骨髓抑制及听神经毒性，与所用剂量的大小及总量有关。少数病人并有胰腺毒性可诱发糖尿。因此，在用本品前，尤其是高剂量时，应先检查肾脏功能及听力，并注意多饮水或输液强迫利尿。肾功能不全者慎用。
制剂
注射用顺铂(冻干粉针剂)：
每瓶10mg；20mg；30mg。注射液：10mg(1ml)；50mg(2ml)。 
Platinol-AQ (Cisplatin)
WARNING
PLATINOL-AQ (cisplatin injection) should be administered under the supervision of a qualified physician experienced in the use of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Appropriate management of therapy and complications is possible only when adequate diagnostic and treatment facilities are readily available.
Cumulative renal toxicity associated with PLATINOL-AQ is severe. Other major dose-related toxicities are myelosuppression, nausea, and vomiting.
Ototoxicity, which may be more pronounced in children, and is manifested by tinnitus, and/or loss of high frequency hearing and occasionally deafness, is significant.
Anaphylactic-like reactions to PLATINOL-AQ have been reported. Facial edema, bronchoconstriction, tachycardia, and hypotension may occur within minutes of PLATINOL-AQ administration. Epinephrine, corticosteroids, and antihistamines have been effectively employed to alleviate symptoms (see WARNINGS and ADVERSE REACTIONS sections).
Exercise caution to prevent inadvertent PLATINOL-AQ overdose. Doses greater than 100 mg/m2/cycle once every 3 to 4 weeks are rarely used. Care must be taken to avoid inadvertent PLATINOL-AQ overdose due to confusion with PARAPLATIN® (carboplatin) or prescribing practices that fail to differentiate daily doses from total dose per cycle.
WARNINGS
PLATINOL-AQ produces cumulative nephrotoxicity which is potentiated by aminoglycoside antibiotics. The serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine clearance, and magnesium, sodium, potassium, and calcium levels should be measured prior to initiating therapy, and prior to each subsequent course. At the recommended dosage, PLATINOL-AQ should not be given more frequently than once every 3 to 4 weeks (see ADVERSE REACTIONS). Elderly patients may be more susceptible to nephrotoxicity (see PRECAUTIONS: Geriatric Use).
There are reports of severe neuropathies in patients in whom regimens are employed using higher doses of PLATINOL-AQ or greater dose frequencies than those recommended. These neuropathies may be irreversible and are seen as paresthesias in a stocking-glove distribution, areflexia, and loss of proprioception and vibratory sensation. Elderly patients may be more susceptible to peripheral neuropathy (see PRECAUTIONS: Geriatric Use).
Loss of motor function has also been reported.
Anaphylactic-like reactions to PLATINOL-AQ have been reported. These reactions have occurred within minutes of administration to patients with prior exposure to PLATINOL-AQ, and have been alleviated by administration of epinephrine, corticosteroids, and antihistamines.
PLATINOL-AQ can commonly cause ototoxicity which is cumulative and may be severe. Audiometric testing should be performed prior to initiating therapy and prior to each subsequent dose of drug (see ADVERSE REACTIONS).
Certain genetic variants in the thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) gene are associated with increased risk of ototoxicity in children administered conventional doses of cisplatin (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY). Children who do not have one of these TPMT gene variants remain at risk for ototoxicity. All pediatric patients receiving cisplatin should have audiometric testing at baseline, prior to each subsequent dose, of drug and for several years post therapy.
PLATINOL-AQ can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. PLATINOL-AQ is mutagenic in bacteria and produces chromosome aberrations in animal cells in tissue culture. In mice PLATINOL-AQ is teratogenic and embryotoxic. If this drug is used during pregnancy or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus. Patients should be advised to avoid becoming pregnant.
The carcinogenic effect of PLATINOL-AQ was studied in BD IX rats. PLATINOL-AQ was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) to 50 BD IX rats for 3 weeks, 3 X 1 mg/kg body weight per week. Four hundred and fifty-five days after the first application, 33 animals died, 13 of them related to malignancies: 12 leukemias and 1 renal fibrosarcoma.
The development of acute leukemia coincident with the use of PLATINOL-AQ has been reported. In these reports, PLATINOL-AQ was generally given in combination with other leukemogenic agents.
Injection site reactions may occur during the administration of PLATINOL-AQ (see ADVERSE REACTIONS). Given the possibility of extravasation, it is recommended to closely monitor the infusion site for possible infiltration during drug administration. A specific treatment for extravasation reactions is unknown at this time.
PRECAUTIONS
Peripheral blood counts should be monitored weekly. Liver function should be monitored periodically. Neurologic examination should also be performed regularly (see ADVERSE REACTIONS).
Drug Interactions
Plasma levels of anticonvulsant agents may become subtherapeutic during cisplatin therapy.
In a randomized trial in advanced ovarian cancer, response duration was adversely affected when pyridoxine was used in combination with altretamine (hexamethylmelamine) and PLATINOL-AQ.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
See WARNINGS.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Category D
See WARNINGS.
Nursing Mothers
Cisplatin has been reported to be found in human milk; patients receiving PLATINOL-AQ should not breast-feed.
Pediatric Use
Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established. Variants in the thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) gene are associated with an increased risk of ototoxicity in children treated with cisplatin (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY).
All children should have audiometric monitoring performed prior to initiation of therapy prior to each subsequent dose, and for several years post therapy. Advanced testing methods may allow for earlier detection of hearing loss in an attempt to facilitate the rapid initiation of interventions that can limit the potential adverse impact of hearing impairment on a child's cognitive and social development.
Geriatric Use
Insufficient data are available from clinical trials of cisplatin in the treatment of metastatic testicular tumors or advanced bladder cancer to determine whether elderly patients respond differently than younger patients. In four clinical trials of combination chemotherapy for advanced ovarian carcinoma, 1484 patients received cisplatin either in combination with cyclophosphamide or paclitaxel. Of these, 426 (29%) were older than 65 years. In these trials, age was not found to be a prognostic factor for survival. However, in a later secondary analysis for one of these trials, elderly patients were found to have shorter survival compared with younger patients. In all four trials, elderly patients experienced more severe neutropenia than younger patients. Higher incidences of severe thrombocytopenia and leukopenia were also seen in elderly compared with younger patients, although not in all cisplatin-containing treatment arms. In the two trials where nonhematologic toxicity was eva luated according to age, elderly patients had a numerically higher incidence of peripheral neuropathy than younger patients. Other reported clinical experience suggests that elderly patients may be more susceptible to myelosuppression, infectious complications, and nephrotoxicity than younger patients.
Cisplatin is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney and is contraindicated in patients with preexisting renal impairment. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and renal function should be monitored.