部份中文酚磺乙胺处方资料（仅供参考）
药品英文名
Etamsylate
药品别名
羟苯磺乙胺、氢醌磺乙胺、止血定、止血敏、CyclonamineE-141、Aglumin、Dicynone、Etamsylatum
药物剂型
1.注射剂：0.25g(2ml)，0.5g(5ml)，1g(5ml)；
2.片剂：0.25g，0.5g。
药理作用
动物实验证实本药可降低毛细血管通透性，使血管收缩，出血时间缩短。本药还能增强血小板的聚集性和黏附性，促进血小板释放凝血活性物质，缩短凝血时间，但确切疗效有待进一步肯定。
药动学
静脉给药1h后作用达高峰，作用持续4～6h。本药易从胃肠道吸收，口服后1h起效。其大部分以原形从肾脏排泄，小部分从胆汁、粪便排出。
适应证
用于防治手术前后及以及血液、血管因素引起的出血，如血小板减少性紫癜、脑出血、胃肠道出血、泌尿道出血、眼底出血、齿龈出血、鼻出血等。
禁忌证
(尚不明确)
注意事项
1.高分子血容量扩张剂应在本药之后使用。不能在本药之前使用。
2.本药最好单独注射，不宜与其他药物(如碱性药液)配伍，以免药物氧化、变色而失效。
不良反应
1.本药毒性低，可出现恶心、头痛和皮疹。
2.有报道静脉注射后可出现暂时性低血压，偶有过敏性休克发生。
用法用量
1.成人：
(1)肌内注射：
①治疗出血，每次0.25～0.5g，每天总量0.5～1.5g；
②预防手术出血：术前15～30min给药0.25～0.5g，必要时2h后再注射0.25g，每天总量0.5～1.5g；
(2)静脉注射：治疗出血，每次0.25～0.5g，每天总量0.5～1.5g；
(3)静脉滴注：
①治疗出血，每次0.25～0.75g、每天2～3次，稀释后滴注；
②预防手术出血：同肌内注射；
(4)口服给药：治疗出血，每次0.5～1g，每天3次。
2.儿童：口服给药：治疗出血，每次按体重10mg/kg给药，每天3次。
药物相应作用
1.与其他类型止血药(如止血芳酸、维生素K等)合用，可增强其止血效果。
2.氨基己酸含右旋糖酐，可抑制血小板聚集而拮抗本药，故不宜合用。
专家点评
本品能降低毛细血管通透性，增强血小板的功能及粘合力，促进血小板释放凝血活性物质，缩短凝血时间而止血。用于防治手术前后和各种血管因素出血。对脑、肺、肝、消化道、泌尿道出血有效。
Etamsylate is a synthetic antihemorrhagic and I angioprotective drug acting on the first step of hemostasis (endothelium – platelet interaction). By
improving platelet adhesiveness and restoring capillary resistance, it reduces the bleeding time and blood losses. Etamsylate has no.vasoconstrictor action, it does not influence fibrinolysis nor modify the plasma coagulation factors.
Pharmacokinetics :
When given p.o., etamsylate is slowly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. After oral administration of 500 mg etamsylate maximum plasma level, i.e. 151′g/ml, is reached at 4 h, but bioavailability is not known. The binding rate to
plasma proteins is about 95 %. Plasma half-life is about 3.7 h. About 72 % of the administered dose- is excreted in the first 24 h in urine, the molecule is
excreted unchanged. Etamsylate crosses the placental barrier. Maternal and cord blood contains similar concentrations of etamsylate. It is not known if etamsylate is excreted in the maternal milk. Kinetics in particular situations
It is not known if the pharmacokinetic properties of etamsylate are modified in patients Jfeling from renal and/Or hepatic function disorders.
Indications and usage :
In surgery: Prevention and treatment of pre- or postsurgical capillary hemorrhages in all delicate operations and in those affecting highly vascularised tissues: E.N.T., gynecology, obstetrics, urology, odontostomatology, ophthalmology, plastic and reconstructive surgery.
In internal medicine: Prevention and treatment of capillary hemorrhages
of whatever origin or localization: hematuria, hematemesis, melena, epistaxis, gingivorrhagia.
In gynecology: Metrorrhagia, primary or IUD-related menorrhagia in the absence of organic pathology.
Dosage :
Adults:
Pre-surgical: 1 tablet (500 mg) 1 hour before surqery Pos/-surgical: 1 tablet (500 mg) evel)’ 4 – 6 hours as tong as the risk of bleeding persists.
In/emal medicine: Generally 1 tablet 2 – 3 times a day (1000 – 1500 mg) to be taken with meals with
a little water: treatment duration depends on the results obtained. Gynecology, meno-metrorrhagia: 1 tablet 3 times a day (1500 mg) to be taken with meals with a little water. Treatment lasts 1.0 days and starts 5 days before the expected onset of menses.
