Drug Class Description
Local anaesthetics.
Drug Description
Xylocaine 1% with Adrenaline (Epinephrine) 1:200,000.Xylocaine 2% with Adrenaline (Epinephrine) 1:200,000.
Presentation
Solution for injection
Indications
Xylocaine with Adrenaline is indicated for the production of local anaesthesia by the following techniques:- Local infiltration- Minor and major nerve blocks
Adult Dosage
Adults and children above 12 years of age
The dosage is adjusted according to the response of the patient and the site of administration. The lowest concentration and smallest dose producing the required effect should be given. The maximum single dose of Xylocaine when given with adrenaline is 500 mg.
The following table is a guide for the more commonly used techniques in the average adult. The figures reflect the expected average dose range needed. Standard textbooks should be consulted for factors affecting specific block techniques and for individual patient requirements.
The clinician's experience and knowledge of the patient's physical status are of importance in calculating the required dose. Elderly or debilitated patients require smaller doses, commensurate with age and physical status.
Please note: Preservative containing solutions i.e. those supplied in multidose vials should not be used for intrathecal and epidural anaesthesia or in doses more than 15 ml for other types of blockades.
In general, surgical anaesthesia requires the use of higher concentrations and doses. When a less intense block is required, the use of a lower concentration is indicated. The volume of drug used will affect the extent and spread of anaesthesia.
Care should be taken to prevent acute toxic reactions by avoiding intravascular injection. Careful aspiration before and during the injection is recommended. An accidental intravascular injection may be recognised by a temporary increase in heart rate. The main dose, should be injected slowly
