部份中文扑热息痛资料(仅供供参考)
药物药理
药效学
本品为乙酰苯胺类解热镇痛药。通过抑制环氧化酶,选择性抑制下丘脑体温调节中枢前列腺素的合成,导致外周血管扩张、出汗而达到解热的作用,其解热作用强度与阿司匹林相似;通过抑制前列腺素等的合成和释放,提高痛阈而起到镇痛作用,属于外周性镇痛药,作用较阿司匹林弱,仅对轻、中度疼痛有效。本品无明显抗炎作用。
药动学
口服后自胃肠道吸收迅速、完全( 在高碳水化合物饮食后服药可能降低吸收),吸收后在体液中分布均匀,约有 25%与血浆蛋白结合。小量时(血药浓度<60μg/ml)与蛋白结合不明显, 大量或中毒量则结合率较高, 可达43%。该品90~95%在肝脏代谢,主要与葡糖醛酸、硫酸及半胱氨酸结合。中间代谢产物对肝脏有毒性作用。半衰期β一般为1~4小时(平均2小时), 肾功能不全时不变,但在某些肝脏疾患者可能延长, 老年人和新生儿可有所延长, 小儿则有所缩短。口服后0.5~2小时血药浓度可达峰值, 剂量在650mg 以下时血药浓度为5~20μg/ml, 作用持续时间为3~4小时。 哺乳期间妇女服用该品650mg,1~2小时报乳汁中浓度为10~15μg/ml; 半衰期β为1.35~3.5小时。该品主要以与葡糖醛酸结合的形式从肾脏排泄,24 小时内约有3%以原形随尿排出。
适应症状
适用于缓解轻度至中度疼痛,如感冒引起的发热、头痛、关节痛、神经痛以及偏头痛、痛经等。该品因仅能缓解症状,消炎作用无或极微,不能消除关节炎引起的红、肿、活动障碍,故不能用以代替阿司匹林或其他非甾体抗炎药治疗各种类型关节炎。但该品可用于对阿司匹林过敏、不耐受或不适于应用阿司匹林的病例,如水痘、血友病及其他出血性疾病患者(包括应用抗凝治疗的病例),以及消化性溃疡、胃炎等。应用该品时必要时还须同时应用其他疗法解除疼痛或发热的原因。
用法用量
1.成人常用量口服。一次 0.3—0.6g,每 4小时 1次,或每日 4次;一日量不宜超过 2g,疗程为退热一般不超过 3天,为镇痛不宜超过 10天。
2.小儿常用量口服。按体重每次 10—15mg/kg或按体表面积每天 1.5g/平方米,分次服,每4—6小时 1次;12岁以下小儿每 24小时不超过 5次量,疗程不超过 5天。
Brand
Panadol
Return To Address
GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare (UK) Trading Limited,
Brentford,
TW8 9GS,
U.K.
Preparation and Usage
Please read right through the information on the outside and inside of this pack before you start using this medicine.
If you have any questions, or if there is anything you do not understand, ask your pharmacist.
How to take
Adults (including the elderly) and children aged 16 years and over: Swallow 1-2 tablets every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Do not take more than 8 tablets in 24 hours.
Children aged 10-15 years: Give 1 tablet every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Do not give more than 4 tablets in 24 hours.
Do not give for more than 3 days at a time.
Do not take more frequently than every 4 hours.
Do not give to children under 10 years.
Preparation and Usage
Please read right through the information on the outside and inside of this pack before you start using this medicine.
If you have any questions, or if there is anything you do not understand, ask your pharmacist.
How to take
Adults (including the elderly) and children aged 16 years and over: Swallow 1-2 tablets every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Do not take more than 8 tablets in 24 hours.
Children aged 10-15 years: Give 1 tablet every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Do not give more than 4 tablets in 24 hours.
Do not give for more than 3 days at a time.
Do not take more frequently than every 4 hours.
Do not give to children under 10 years.