部份中文可乐定处方资料（仅供参政）
药品名:可乐定
英文名:Clonidine
别名
氯压定，可乐宁，血压得平，110降压片，CATAPRES．CATAPRESAN
性状
常用其盐酸盐，为白色结晶性粉末；无臭。在水或乙醇中溶解，在氯仿中微溶解，在乙醚中几乎不溶。
作用与用途
为中枢性02受体激动剂，通过抑制血管运动中枢，使外周交感神经的功能降低从而引起降压。其降压作用多在服药后0．5—1小时出现，2—3小时达最高峰，可持续4—6小时。对多数高血压病有效，对原发性高血压疗效较好。在降压明显时不出现直立性低血压。与利尿剂(如氢氯噻嗪)或其他降压药(如利血平)合用，比单服本品疗效有明显提高。本品预防偏头痛亦有效。又本品能降低眼压，可用于治疗开角型青光眼。
用法与用量
1．治高血压：口服，常用量，每次服0．075—0．15mg，1日3次。可逐渐增加剂量，通常维持剂量为每日0．2—0．8mg。极量，1次0．6mg。缓慢静注：每次0．15—0．3mg，加于50％葡萄糖液20—40ml中(多用于三期高血压及其他危重高血压病)推注。
2．预防偏头痛：1日0．1mg，分2次服，8周为一疗程(第四周以后，1日量可增至0.15mg)。
3．治青光眼：用0．25％液滴眼。低血压患者慎用。
注意事项
1．副作用多为口干、便秘、嗜睡、乏力、心动徐缓，少数病人出现头晕、头痛、恶心、便秘、食欲不振等，男性偶有阳萎主诉，停药后很快消失。副作用多不影响治疗。
2．有使水钠滞留现象，长期使用须同时并用利尿剂。
3．不可突然停药(尤其是1日量超过1.2mg时)，以免引起交感神经元进的撤药症状。
Generic Name for NEXICLON XR ORAL SUSPENSION
Clonidine 0.09mg/mL; ext-rel oral susp.
Legal Classification
Rx
Pharmacological Classification
Central α-agonist.
Manufacturer
NextWave
INDICATIONS FOR NEXICLON XR ORAL SUSPENSION
Hypertension.
ADULT DOSE FOR NEXICLON XR ORAL SUSPENSION
Initially 0.17mg daily at bedtime; may increase by increments of 0.09mg once daily at weekly intervals. End-stage kidney disease on maintenance dialysis: initially 0.09mg/day; titrate slowly. Usual range 0.17mg–0.52mg once daily. Elderly: may need lower initial dose. Switching from immediate-release clonidine tablets: see literature.
CHILDREN'S DOSING FOR NEXICLON XR ORAL SUSPENSION
Not recommended.
WARNINGS/PRECAUTIONS FOR NEXICLON XR ORAL SUSPENSION
Severe coronary insufficiency. Conduction disturbances. Recent MI. Cerebrovascular disease. Renal failure. Avoid abrupt cessation, reduce dose gradually over 2–4 days; concomitant β-blocker, withdraw β-blocker several days before gradual discontinuation of clonidine. If local reaction occurs from patch, using tabs may cause generalized rash. Discontinue 28hrs before surgery; resume the following day. Elderly. Pregnancy (Cat.C). Nursing mothers.
INTERACTIONS FOR NEXICLON XR ORAL SUSPENSION
Alcohol may increase rate of release. Antagonized by tricyclic antidepressants. Potentiates CNS depressants. Possible additive effects with drugs known to affect sinus node function or AV nodal conduction (eg, digitalis, calcium channel blockers, β-blockers).
ADVERSE REACTIONS NEXICLON XR ORAL SUSPENSION
Dry mouth, drowsiness, dizziness.
HOW IS NEXICLON XR ORAL SUSPENSION SUPPLIED
Tabs—90
Susp—118mL
RELATED DISEASE:
Hypertension