部份中文伊维菌素处方资料（仅供参考）
商品名：Stromectol Tablets
英文名：Ivermectin
中文名：伊维菌素片
生产商：默沙东
药品简介 Stromectol（ivermectin 伊维菌素）是一种新型的广谱、高效、低毒抗生素类抗寄生虫药，对体内外寄生虫特别是线虫和节肢动物均有良好驱杀作用。但对绦虫、吸虫及原生动物无效。 ストロメクトール錠3mg
药效分类名称
驱虫剂
批准日期：2002年12月
商標名
Stromectol Tablets
略語
H2B1a（伊维菌素 B1a；含有90%或更多的成分）
H2B1b（伊维菌素 B1b；成分含量低于10%）
一般名
イベルメクチン (Ivermectin)
化学名
(1)H2B1a；5-O-Demethyl-22, 23-dihydroavermectin A1a
(2)H2B1b；5-O-Demethyl-25-de (1-methylpropyl)-22, 23-dihydro-25-(1-methylethyl) avermectin A1a
分子式
(1)H2B1a；C48H74O14
(2)H2B1b；C47H72O14
分子量
(1)H2B1a；875.10
(2)H2B1b；861.07
性状
它是一种白色至黄白色粉末，易溶于甲醇、乙醇（95）或乙醚，微溶于乙腈或间二甲苯，几乎不溶于水。
構造式
药效药理
伊维菌素属于阿维菌素组，是一种广谱抗寄生虫药，具有独特的作用机制。伊维菌素以高亲和力选择性地结合无脊椎动物神经和肌肉细胞中的谷氨酸能Cl通道。
这增加了细胞膜对Cl-的通透性，导致神经或肌肉细胞超极化，导致寄生虫麻痹和死亡。伊维菌素似乎与其他由神经递质γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)激活的配体门控Cl通道相互作用，特别是微弱但微弱的相互作用。
这类化合物在人体中的安全范围是，在哺乳动物中尚未报道谷氨酸能Cl通道的存在，与线虫相比，伊维菌素对哺乳动物大脑中的特定结合位点具有亲和力。因为它低100倍，而且阿维菌素不能轻易穿过哺乳动物（如大鼠）的血脑屏障。
适应症
1.肠管粪线虫症
2.疥癣
用法与用量
1.肠粪线虫病
伊维菌素的常用剂量约为200μg/kg体重，每2周口服两次。每个患者体重的剂量如下所示。这种药物应与水一起服用。
2.疥疮
伊维菌素的常用剂量约为200μg/kg体重，口服一次。每个患者体重的剂量如下所示。这种药物应与水一起服用。
每患者体重单次剂量
体重（公斤）：15-24
3毫克片剂数量：1片
体重（公斤）：25-35
3毫克片剂数量：2片
体重（公斤）：36-50
3毫克片剂数量：3片
体重（公斤）：51-65
3毫克片剂数量：4片
体重（公斤）：66-79
3毫克片剂数量：5片
重量（公斤）：≧80
3毫克片剂数量：约200微克/公斤
包装
1片：3毫克：PTP 10片 单价：950元一盒，10盒起订
制造商和分销商
默沙东有限公司
销售
丸穗株式会社 注：以上中文处方资料不够完整，使用者以原处方资料为准。
完整说明资料附件： https://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/pack/6429008F1020_2_06/
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Stromectol general information
reating scabies with Stromectol
Stromectol tablets 3mg contains ivermectin, an anthelmintic used to treat scabies, caused by the parasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei. which is transmitted by direct skin contact. The scabies mite burrows into the skin causing itching as it burrows which can be intense and is often worse at night.
Within two to six weeks after infection the mite can cause an allergic reaction with symptoms including a rash, seen as small red bumps on the limbs and trunk, which are usually very itchy; also nodules in the groin or armpit. Burrow lines can also be seen at the site of infection, usually between the fingers, on the skin of the hands, feet, wrist, elbows, buttocks and genitals. If left untreated scabies infection can cause secondary complications like impetigo (infection and inflammation of superficial skin cells) and cellulitis (inflammation of the lower dermal or subcutaneous skin layers). Ivermectin in Stromectol tablets 3mg works by interacting directly and specifically with the nervous system of the parasite but does not affect mammals. Ivermectin binds with high affinity to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (GluCl) regulated chloride channels in invertebrate nerve and muscle cells, causing paralysis and death of the parasite. Stromectol tablets 3mg are effective in interrupting the infectious cycle and helping to prevent spread of infection.
Covid-19
In 2020, when the Covid-19 pandemic began, the search for new agents to treat the virus began with the development of a new vaccine being a core objective. Concurrent with this goal was the search to find an effective treatment amongst existing medications already part of a physicians’ treatment arsenal.
Given the urgency of the situation with regard to developing and testing a vaccine, concerns remain around its effectiveness to treat the infection and save lives, its effectiveness against emerging strains of the virus and its short-term and long-term safety profile.
Initial reports that a treatment protocol using hydroxychloroquine and antibiotics appeared promising, but it now appears that ivermectin is both more effective and has a better safety record.
Treatment of Covid-19 is considered an off-label use for Stromectol (Ivermectin) tablets 3mg. Please contact your doctor for advice on treatment with Ivermectin and all Covid-19 related matters.
As a prevention treatment for high risk individuals such as medical staff or those in close contact with Covid-19 patients a dose of ivermectin 0.2mg/kg of body weight is taken on day one, with a second dose in 48 hours followed by a dose every 14 days.
