部份中文头孢地尼处方资料（仅供参考）
通用名称：头孢地尼
英文名称：Cefdinir
适应症
本品适用于治疗由敏感菌引起的轻度至中度感染。详见包装内部说明书。
用法用量
口服，通常成人每日3次，每次100mg(1粒)。一天最大用药量是600mg(6粒)。(详见说明书)
不良反应
美国3275例患者口服本品600mg/日，其不良反应情况如下。大部分副作用温和且具有自身限制性。无死亡或劳动力永久丧失病例。125例病人由于腹泻或恶心停止用药，17例病人由于出诊停止用药。这些不良反应可能与服用多重剂量头孢地尼有关。(详见说明书)
禁 忌
对头孢菌素药物过敏者禁用。
注意事项
1.一般情况：和其它光谱抗生素一样，长期使用可能会发生意外和耐药菌的增加，必须随时注意观察，治疗期间如果感染加重，需改变治疗方法。和其它广谱抗生素一样，对有结肠炎病史的患者需慎重用药。暂时的或持续的肾功能障碍患者(Clcr﹤30毫升/分)由于服用头孢地尼后血药浓度高且持续时间长，需减少每天的用药量。
2.患者须知：含镁或铝的抗酸药物影响头孢地尼的吸收。如果在服用头孢地尼期间必须服用上述抗酸药物，需间隔2小时以上。铁剂包括含铁的复合维生素影响头孢地尼的吸收。如果在服用头孢地尼期间必须服用上述铁剂药物，需间隔2小时以上。婴儿增铁配方对头孢地尼的吸收没有明显的影响，因此可以与悬浮液同时服用。
儿童用药
童用药参见头孢地尼颗粒说明书。
老年患者用药
根据对患者的临床观察调整剂量和给药间隔：
1.由于身体机能下降，老年患者可能容易出现不良反应。
2.由于维生素K缺乏，老年患者可能会有出血倾向。
孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药
有关妊娠期的用药，其安全性尚未确立。对孕妇或怀疑有妊娠的妇女，用药要权衡利弊，只有在利大于弊的情况下，才能使用。哺乳期妇女用药应权衡利弊，只有在利大于弊的情况下，才能使用。
药物相互作用
本品与下列药物合用时需慎重。铁制剂的体征、症状及治疗为由于可能导致头孢地尼的吸收降低约10%，因此建议避免与此类药物合用。如果合用不能避免，二者的给药间隔应大于3小时；机制及风险因素：本品可与铁离子在肠道中结合，形成一种难以吸收的复合物。华法林钾的体征、症状及治疗为华法林钾的作用可能加强，但尚无二者相互作用的报告；机制及风险因素：本品可能抑制肠道细菌产生维生素K。抗酸药（含铝或镁）的体征、症状及治疗为由于可导致头孢地尼的吸收降低而使其作用减弱，因此应在服用本品2个小时以后方可使用抗酸药物，机制及风险因素机制尚不明确。
药物过量
尚不明确。
药理毒理
头孢地尼为半合成的、广谱的口服第三代头孢菌素，其通过抑制细菌细胞壁的合成产生抗菌作用。本品对革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌均有抗菌活性，并对大部分β－内酰胺酶稳定，所以许多耐青霉素和头孢菌素的微生物对本品敏感。体外和临床研究表明，本品对以下细菌敏感：革兰氏阳性需氧菌：金黄色葡萄球菌(含产β－内酰胺酶菌) 注意：本品对耐甲氧西林的葡萄球菌属无效。肺炎链球菌(仅对青霉素敏感的菌) 化脓链球菌革兰氏阴性需氧菌：流感嗜血菌(含产β－内酰胺酶菌) 副流感嗜血菌(含产β－内酰胺酶菌) 卡他莫拉菌属(含产β－内酰胺酶菌) 体外试验还表明，革兰氏阳性需氧菌的表皮葡萄球菌(仅对耐甲氧西林的菌)、无乳链球菌和革兰氏阴性需氧菌的异型枸橼酸杆菌、大肠杆菌、鼻硬结克雷伯杆菌、奇异变形杆菌对本品敏感。
药代动力学
血药浓度：–6名健康成人一次空腹口服50、100、200mg（效价）头孢地尼时，约经4小时后可达到血药峰浓度，分别为0.64、1.11和1.74µg/ml，其血浆半衰期为1.6~1.8小时。反分药子 6名健康成人一次空腹和进食后口服100mg（效价）头孢地尼，约经4小时后，可达到血药峰浓度，分别为1.25、0.79µg/ml。进食后给药，其吸收稍有降低。肾功能受损患者一次口服100mg（效价）头孢地尼，血浆半衰期延长与肾受损程度成正比。
贮 藏
避光、密封。
Omnicef Oral Suspension
Cefdinir - Prices & Information
OMNICEF ORAL SUSPENSION (CEFDINIR)
Omnicef Oral Suspension Description
Omnicef oral suspension is a cephalosporin antibacterial medicine prescribed to help fight off many bacterial infections in your body such as strep throat or tonsillitis, urinary tract infections and pneumonia. Omnicef oral suspension or Cefdinir generic is not effective for treating viral infections.
The role of cephalosporin drugs is to interfere with the enzymes needed by the bacteria to build their cell walls. Without intact cell walls, there is no protection and the contents of the cells leak out. This takes away the bacteria’s ability to grow and reproduce so they eventually die off.
Conditions Treated by Omnicef Oral Suspension
Certain bacterial infections such as pneumonia and bacterial meningitis can be life-threatening. The elderly, hospitalized patients and individuals with a chronic disease are at a high risk of bacterial infection. Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus, causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. A variety of organisms, including bacteria, viruses and fungi, can cause pneumonia. For most people, pneumonia can be treated at home with medication such as Omnicef oral suspension. But older adults, babies, and people with other diseases can become very ill. They may need to be hospitalized.
Omnicef oral suspension may also be prescribed to treat strep throat, a bacterial infection that causes pain and inflammation in the throat. Strep throat is caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria and may cause the following symptoms; fever, headache, trouble swallowing, swollen lymph nodes, and loss of appetite. Your doctor may recommend some over the counter pain relievers as well as Omnicef oral suspension to treat strep throat.
Skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus are the most popular infections and a favorite target of Omnicef oral suspension. A simple cut or scratch is all the bacterium need to find their way inside to start growing and multiplying. Because of the overuse of penicillin through the years, some bacteria have become resistant to it so many doctors recommend a cephalosporin drug such as Omnicef oral suspension.
Before You Use Omnicef Oral Suspension
To make sure you can safely take Omnicef oral suspension, be sure to tell your doctor if you have kidney disease, or a history of intestinal problems such as colitis. Omnicef oral suspension contains sugar which may increase blood sugar levels if you have diabetes. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
Warnings for Omnicef Oral Suspension
Avoid using antacids or mineral supplements that contain iron within two hours before or after taking Omnicef oral suspension. Antacids or iron can make it harder for your body to absorb Omnicef oral suspension or generic Cefdinir. The generic alternative is not manufactured by the company that makes the brand product.