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GILENYA - fingolimod hydrochloride capsule
GILENYA - fingolimod hydrochloride capsule
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
Class: Immunomodulatory Agents
Chemical Name: 2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl]propan-1,3-diol hydrochloride
Molecular Formula: C19H33NO2•HCl
CAS Number: 162359-56-0
Brands: Gilenya
Generic Name and Formulations:
Fingolimod (as HCl) 0.5mg; hard gel caps.
Company:
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp
Indications for GILENYA:
For relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS): to reduce the frequency of clinical exacerbations and to delay the accumulation of physical disability.
Adult:
≥18yrs: 0.5mg once daily. First dose monitoring for bradycardia: see Warnings/Precautions. Re-initiation of therapy: within first 2 weeks, first dose procedures are recommended after interruption of 1 day or more, during week 3 and 4, first dose procedures are recommended after interruption of more than 7 days.
Children:
<18yrs: not established.
Contraindications:
Recent (within the last 6 months) occurrence of: MI, unstable angina, stroke, TIA, decompensated heart failure requiring hospitalization, Class III/IV heart failure. History or presence of Mobitz Type II 2nd degree or 3rd degree AV block or sick sinus syndrome, unless paced. Baseline QTc interval ≥500ms. Treatment with a Class Ia or Class III antiarrhythmic drug.
Warnings/Precautions:
Risk of bradyarrhythmia; observe all patients for bradycardia for at least 6hrs after first dose with hourly pulse and BP measurement. Obtain ECG prior to dosing and at the end of observation period. If heart rate (HR) < 45bpm, or new onset 2nd degree or higher AV block; monitor until resolution, those at the lowest post-dose HR should be monitored until HR increases. Symptomatic bradycardia: begin continuous ECG monitoring until resolved; if pharmacological intervention necessary, continue ECG monitoring overnight, and first dose monitoring procedures should be repeated for second dose. Pre-existing cardiac conditions (eg, ischemic heart disease, history of MI or cardiac arrest, CHF, recurrent syncope, untreated sleep apnea, AV block, sino-atrial block), QT prolongation risk (eg, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, congenital long-QT syndrome): monitor ECG overnight after first dose. Monitor BP during treatment. Active acute or chronic infection: do not start treatment until infection resolved. Obtain recent CBC before starting treatment. Consider suspending therapy if serious infection develops; monitor for infections during treatment and for 2 months after discontinuation. Test for antibodies to varicella zoster virus; consider immunization before starting fingolimod. Immunosuppressed. Diabetes, history of uveitis: increased risk of macular edema. Monitor visual acuity and for visual disturbances. Do ophthalmic exam at baseline, and at 3–4 months after starting therapy. Recent LFTs (eg, within 6 months) should be available; monitor; discontinue if liver injury occurs. Respiratory dysfunction; obtain spirometry and DLCO when needed. Renal or severe hepatic impairment. Pregnancy (Cat.C) (use effective contraception during and for 2 months after discontinuation), nursing mothers: not recommended.
Interactions:
Concomitant QT prolonging drugs (eg, citalopram, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, methadone, erythromycin): risk of torsades de pointes; monitor. Potentiated by ketoconazole; monitor if receiving systemic therapy. Concomitant β-blockers, digoxin, diltiazem, verapamil may be associated with severe bradycardia or heart block. Avoid live virus vaccines during treatment and for 2 months after discontinuing fingolimod; may have suboptimal response. Antineoplastic, immunosuppressant or immunomodulating therapies may increase risk of immunosuppression; use caution when switching from long-acting therapies with immune effects (eg, natalizumab, mitoxantrone).
Pharmacological Class:
Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator.
Adverse Reactions:
Headache, increased liver transaminases, diarrhea, cough, influenza, sinusitis, back pain, abdominal pain, pain in extremity, hypertension; transient decreased heart rate and AV conduction, increased infection risk, macular edema, decreased pulmonary function, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (discontinue if suspected).
Note:
Enroll pregnant patients in the Gilenya pregnancy registry by calling Outcome at (877) 598-7237.
Metabolism:
Hepatic (major: CYP4F2, minor: CYP2D6, 2E1, 3A4, 4F12); >99.7% protein bound.
Elimination:
Renal, fecal (minor).
REMS:
YES
Generic Availability:
NO
Industry Resources:
Looking for a way to reduce relapses—and the number of RMS patients having them? (83)
http://bit.ly/1fJqeU6
How Supplied:
Caps—30; Blister cards—7, 28 |
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