ely 50% as unchanged compound and 50% as metabolites in humans. Following a single intravenous dose of 12 mg (0.2 times the recommended approved dose) radiolabeled copanlisib, approximately 64% of the administered dose was recovered in feces and 22% in urine within 20 to 34 days. Unchanged copanlisib represented approximately 30% of the administered dose in feces and 15% in urine. Metabolites resulting from CYP450-mediated oxidation metabolism accounted for 41% of the administered dose.
Specific Populations
Copanlisib pharmacokinetic differences in the subpopulations listed below are assessed using population pharmacokinetic analyses.
Age (20 to 90 years), gender, race (White, Asian, Hispanic, and Black), smoking status, body weight (41 to 130 kg), mild hepatic impairment [total bilirubin (TB) ≤ upper limit of normal (ULN) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > ULN, or TB < 1-1.5 x ULN and any AST], and mild to moderate renal impairment [CLcr ≥ 30 mL/min as estimated by Cockcroft-Gault (C-G) equation] had no clinically significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of copanlisib. The pharmacokinetics of copanlisib in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment (TB ≥ 1.5 x ULN, any AST), severe renal impairment (CLcr = 15-29 mL/min by C-G equation), or end stage renal disease (CLcr < 15 mL/min by C-G equation) with or without dialysis is unknown.
Drug Interaction Studies
Clinical Studies
Effect of CYP3A and P-gp Inducers on Copanlisib
Rifampin, a strong CYP3A and a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transporter inducer, administered at a dose of 600 mg once daily for 12 days with a single intravenous dose of 60 mg ALIQOPA in patients with cancer resulted in a 63% decrease in the mean AUC and a 15% decrease in Cmax of copanlisib [see Drug Interactions (7.1)].
Effect of CYP3A, P-gp and BCRP Inhibitors on Copanlisib
Itraconazole, a strong CYP3A inhibitor and a P-gp and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) transporter inhibitor, administered at a dose of 200 mg once daily for 10 days increased the mean AUC of a single intravenous dose of 60 mg ALIQOPA by 53% (or 1.53-fold) with no effect on Cmax (1.03-fold) in patients with cancer [see Drug Interactions (7.1)].
In Vitro Studies
Effect of Transporters on Copanlisib:
Copanlisib is a substrate of P-gp and BCRP, but not a substrate for organic cation transporter (OCT) 1, OCT2, and OCT3, organic anion transporter (OAT) 1 and OAT3, organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3, multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1(MATE1) or MATE2-K.
Effect of Copanlisib on CYP and non-CYP Enzymes
Copanlisib is not an inhibitor of the metabolism of drugs that are substrates of the major CYP isoforms (CYP1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1, and 3A4) or uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms (UGT) or dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) at therapeutic 60 mg dose plasma concentrations. Copanlisib is not an inducer of CYP1A2, CYP2B6 and CYP3A.
Effect of Copanlisib on Drug Transporter Substrates
Copanlisib is not an inhibitor of P-gp, BCRP, multi-drug resistance-associated protein (MRP2), bile salt export pump (BSEP), OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OAT1
