部分中文乳酸钙处方资料（仅供参考）
乳酸钙 Calcium Lactate 
中文别名：乳酸钙、2-羟基丙胺酸钙
英文别名：2-Hydroxyproponic Acid Calcium Salt、Cal. Lactate  
药品类别：电解质平衡调节药
药理药动
药理参阅氯化钙。乳酸钙溶解度较小，无水乳酸钙每18含钙4.58mmol(184mg)，多供口服，吸收缓慢。
氯化钙药效学： 钙离子是保持神经、肌肉和骨骼正常功能所必需的；对维持正常的心、肾、肺和凝血功能，以及细胞膜和毛细血管通透性也起重要作用。另外，钙还参与调节神经递质和激素的分泌和贮存，氨基酸的摄取和结合、维生素Ｂ12的吸收等。正常人体99％的钙以羟磷灰石（少量为碳酸钙和非晶体型磷酸氢钙）的形式存在于骨、骨钙和血钙不断地交换保持动态平衡。当机体摄取钙不足或需要突然增加时，骨中的贮存钙释放出来，以满足机体的需要。维持神经肌肉的正常兴奋性，促进神经末梢分泌乙酰胆碱，血清钙降低时可出现神经肌肉兴奋性升高，发生抽搐，血钙过高则兴奋性降低，出现软弱无力等。能改善细胞膜的通透性，增加毛细血管壁的致密性，使渗出减少，起抗过敏作用。促进骨骼与牙齿的钙化形成，高浓度钙与镁离子间存在竞争性拮抗作用，可用于镁中毒的解救；可与氟化物生成不溶性氟化钙，用于氟中毒的解救。
适应症
用于小儿、孕妇、乳母，防止钙缺乏及慢性肾功能衰竭患者治疗低钙血症。适用于防治钙缺乏症及妊娠和哺乳期妇女的钙盐补充。
适用于防治钙缺乏症及妊娠和哺乳期妇女的钙盐补充。
用法用量
每1g乳酸钙含钙量为 130mg。
1．成人口服，每日 1—2g，分 2—3次服。
2．小儿按体重每日 45—6Smg/kg，分 2—3次口服。
[制剂与规格]乳酸钙片(1)0.25g(2)0.5g
口服成人一次 0.5～1g，一日2～3次。小儿一次 0.3～0.6g，一日2～3次，需同时服维生素 D，以促进吸收。
[制剂与规格]乳酸钙片(1) 0.3g(2) 0.5g
口服,一次成人1-4g;小儿0.3-0.6g,一日2-3次,同服1万单位维生素D.
不良反应
钙剂的不良反应易发生于大剂量(每日超过 2000—2500mg)或长期应用，或患者存在肾功能损害时。
(1)常见的不良反应仅见于静脉用药尤其是推注速度 较快时，包括低血压(仅见于氯化钙)，全身发热或皮肤发红、心律失常、恶心呕吐、出汗、皮肤刺麻感。注射部位皮肤发红、皮疹和疼痛，提示可能有钙剂外渗，并可随后出现脱皮和皮肤坏死。如发现钙剂渗出血管外，应立即停止注射，并用氯化钠注射液作局部冲洗注射，局部予氢化可的松、1％利多卡因和透明质酸，并抬高局部肢体及热敷。
(2)少见的不良反应包括高钙血症和肾结石。高钙血 症的早期表现有严重的便秘、进行性口干、持续头痛、食欲减退、烦躁、精神抑郁、口中金属味、疲软。高钙血症的后期表现有倦睡、意识模糊、高血压、眼睛和皮肤对光的敏感性增高(尤其在血液透析患者)、心律失常、恶心呕吐、并常有尿量增多和排尿次数增多。在严重的高钙血症，心电图 Q-T间期可缩短。
禁忌症
(1)下列情况禁用；
①高钙血症；
②高钙尿症；
③含钙肾结石或有肾结石病史；
④类肉瘤病(可加重高钙血症)；
⑤洋地黄中毒时禁止静脉应用钙剂。
(2)下列情况慎用；
①脱水或低钾血症等电解质紊乱时应先纠正低钾，再纠正低钙，以免增加心肌应激性；
②慢性腹泻或胃肠道吸收功能障碍(钙的吸收较差，而肠道排钙增多，此时对钙剂的需要量增加)；
③慢性肾功能不全(肾脏对钙排泄减少，注意高钙血症)；
④胃酸降低或缺乏时，对碳酸钙和磷酸钙的吸收减少，应在进食同时服用；
⑤心室颤动。
药物相互作用
(1)大量饮用含酒精和咖啡因的饮料 以及大量吸烟，抑制口服钙的吸收。
(2)大量进食富含纤维素的食物(如麸糠等)，抑制钙的吸收，因钙与纤维素结合成不易吸收的化合物。
(3)合用苯妥英时，两者结合成不被吸收的化合物，两药吸收均减少。故两药服用时间间隔最少 2小时。
(4)与氟化物合用，生成氟化钙，吸收减少。两药合用时，间隔最少 1—2小时。
(5)维生素 D能增加钙的吸收。
(6)避孕药和雌激素增加钙的吸收。
(7)与含铝的制酸药合用时，铝的吸收增多。
(8)与四环素合用，减少后者的吸收。
(9)与降钙素合用，后者的降钙作用减弱。但在应用降钙素治疗骨质疏松症和 Paget’s病时，应常规服用钙剂，以免发生低钙血症。
(10)与硫酸纤维素合用，降低后者预防高钙血症的作用。
(11)碳酸钙或磷酸钙与铁剂合用，铁的吸收降低，故两药服用时间间隔不少于 1—2小时。但是在多种纤维素矿物质合剂(含碳酸钙)中，铁的吸收不受影响，此与合剂中的维生素 C使铁以二价铁存在便于胃肠道吸收有关。
(12)与钙离子通道阻滞剂合用，血钙可明显升高至正常以上，而盐酸维拉帕米等的作用则降低。
(13)与其他含钙或含镁药物合用，易发生高钙血症或高镁血症，尤其是肾功能不全时。
(14)与噻嗪类利尿药合用易发生高钙血症。
(15)与含钾药物合用时，应注意心律失常
calcium lactate
Generic Name: calcium lactate (KAL see um LAK tate)
Brand Name: Ridactate
What is calcium lactate?
Calcium is a mineral that is found naturally in foods. Calcium is necessary for many normal functions of your body, especially bone formation and maintenance. Calcium can also bind to other minerals (such as phosphate) and aid in their removal from the body.
Calcium lactate is used to prevent and to treat calcium deficiencies.
Calcium lactate may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
What is the most important information I should know about calcium lactate?
Do not take calcium lactate or antacids that contain calcium without first asking your doctor if you also take other medicines. Calcium can make it harder for your body to absorb certain medicines.
Calcium lactate works best if you take it with food.
What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking calcium lactate?
Before taking this medication, tell your doctor if you have:
•a history of kidney stones; or
•a parathyroid gland disorder.
If you have any of these conditions, you may not be able to take calcium lactate, or you may need a dose adjustment or special tests during treatment.
Talk to your doctor before taking calcium lactate if you are pregnant.
Talk to your doctor before taking calcium lactate if you are breast-feeding a baby.
How should I take calcium lactate?
Use exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended.
Calcium lactate works best if you take it with food.
Take calcium lactate with a full glass of water.
Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.
Overdose symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, constipation, confusion, delirium, stupor, and coma.
What should I avoid while taking calcium lactate?
Follow your healthcare provider's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity.
Calcium lactate side effects
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Less serious side effects may include:
•nausea or vomiting;
•decreased appetite;
•constipation;
•dry mouth or increased thirst; or
•increased urination.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Calcium lactate dosing information
Usual Adult Dose for Hypocalcemia:
325 to 650 mg orally 2 to 3 times a day before meals. Treatment may also consist of vitamin D orally.
Usual Adult Dose for Osteomalacia:
325 to 650 mg orally 2 to 3 times a day before meals. Treatment may also consist of vitamin D orally.
Usual Adult Dose for Hypoparathyroidism:
325 mg orally 3 times a day before meals. Treatment may also consist of vitamin D orally.
Usual Adult Dose for Pseudohypoparathyroidism:
325 mg orally once a day before the breakfast meal. Treatment may also consist of vitamin D orally.
Usual Adult Dose for Osteoporosis:
325 to 650 mg orally 3 times a day before meals. Osteoporosis can be affected by increased serum parathyroid hormone, excessive alcohol intake, tobacco use, certain drugs (corticosteroids, anticonvulsants, heparin, thyroid hormone), dietary vitamin D, and weight bearing exercise.
Usual Pediatric Dose for Hypocalcemia:
Neonatal:
Oral:
Hypocalcemia (dose depends on clinical condition and serum calcium level):
Dose expressed in mg of elemental calcium: 50 to 150 mg/kg/day in 4 to 6 divided doses; not to exceed 1 g/day
Dose expressed in mg of calcium lactate: 400 to 500 mg/kg/day divided every 4 to 6 hours
Oral:
Hypocalcemia (dose depends on clinical condition and serum calcium level):
Dose expressed in mg of elemental calcium:
Children: 45 to 65 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses
Dose expressed in mg of calcium lactate:
Infants: 400 to 500 mg/kg/day divided every 4 to 6 hours
Children: 500 mg/kg/day divided every 6 to 8 hours; maximum daily dose: 9 g
What other drugs will affect calcium lactate?
Calcium lactate can make it harder for your body to absorb other medications you take by mouth. Tell your doctor if you are taking:
•digoxin (Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps);
•antacids or other calcium supplements;
•calcitriol (Rocaltrol) or vitamin D supplements; or
•doxycycline (Adoxa, Doryx, Oracea, Vibramycin), minocycline (Dynacin, Minocin, Solodyn, Vectrin), or tetracycline (Brodspec, Panmycin, Sumycin, Tetracap).