部份中文克里美净处方资料（仅供参考）
英文名：Spherical suction charcoal
商品名：Kremezin Fine Granules
中文名：克里美净（球形活性炭）
生产商：田边三菱制药
药品简介
Kremezin是一种口服吸附炭，由高纯度多孔球形活性炭组成。它吸收胃肠道分泌或肠内产生的尿毒症毒素，并将毒素与粪便一起排出体外。Kremezin的这一功能在改善尿毒症症状和延缓透析治疗的引入方面是有效的。于1991年被引入日本市场，并已成为世界上第一种积极治疗慢性肾衰竭的药物. 
クレメジンカプセル200mg／クレメジン細粒分包2g
藥用類別名稱
慢性腎功能衰竭劑
批准日期
胶囊：2009年9月
颗粒：2009年9月
商標名
KREMEZIN Capsules 200mg
KREMEZIN Fine Granules 2g
化学名：炭素
性状
它是一個黑色的球形顆粒, 直徑約0.2至0.4毫米, 沒有異味。幾乎不溶于水和乙醇 (95)。
藥用藥理學
1. 慢性腎功能衰竭的影響
(1) 在給腎功能衰竭模型大鼠服用時, 可獲得抑制腎功能衰竭的條件 (維持餵養量和體重, 抑制血清肌酐和尿素氮的增加, 抑制腎小球濾過功能和腎組織病變惡化), 並增加存活天數。
(2) 對慢性腎功能不全患者服用時, 抑制血清肌酐的增加, 改善尿毒癥的症狀, 延長透析的時間。
2. 行動機制
這種藥物的作用是通過在胃腸道取尿毒的尿液, 通過口服藥物與大便排泄, 延緩尿毒癥症狀的改善和透析的引入。
适应症
改善以下疾病的尿毒癥症狀及延遲引入透析慢性腎功能衰竭 (進行)
用法与用量
通常情況下, 它劃分一天 6g 成三次在成人和口頭管理。
臨床結果
1. 一般臨床試驗
這種藥物的一般臨床試驗是在該藥物的給藥開始, 從每天3到6克(最小3), 並增加或減少的醫生的判斷, 在566例慢性腎功能衰竭患者在保守治療期間。因此, 該藥物管理局承認, 與未給藥組相比, 引入透析的時間延長了。醫生對6g/day 劑量腎功能衰竭的進展率和主觀症狀的判斷超過55%(50/91), 即85%(77/91)。
2. 雙盲比較試驗
對這種藥物進行雙盲比較試驗, 使用安慰劑作為控制藥物, 244名進行了進展性慢性腎功能衰竭患者 (該藥物組124例, 安慰劑120例), 每日劑量為 6g(最小3)和24周。因此, 經試驗(表2), 血清肌酐(s-cr 逆傾向)的逆時圖的傾斜度明顯逐漸變(表2), 與安慰劑組相比, 給藥兩周後尿症狀有了良好的改善。這一組的總體改善明顯優於45%(55/122), 略高於71%(87/122), 22%的安慰劑組(26/119), 33%(39/119)。
3. 使用結果調查等。
(1) 使用方式調查
對保守治療期間慢性腎功能衰竭患者進行了療效評價。因此, 總體上改善了52.3(917/1753), 略有改善, 為68.1%(1119/1753), 但不確定除外。
在65歲及以上的老人中, 664位長者的整體改善, 不包括不確定的例子, 為569%(355-620), 略高於72.1 (447元)。
(2)長期使用結果調查
對361名慢性腎功能不全患者在保守治療期間長期使用48周的療效和安全性進行了評估。因此, 不包括非確定例子的一般改善程度為57.5(206.58), 略高於74.6%(267/58)的改善。
臨床結果表
表2 s-cr逆傾角開始前後的比較傾斜度(10-5dllgmc周)(平均值±sd)

w 測試: 威爾科克森匹配對簽名等級測試
包装
膠囊
200mg:1000膠囊(10粒x100)
細粒包裝
2g: 2gx84膠囊
田边三菱制药株式会社
注：以上中文不够完整，使用者以原处方资料为准。
完整说明附件：http://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/pack/3929003C1067_1_04/
KREMEZIN Fine Granules 2g（クレメジン細粒分包2g）
Product Name: Kremezin fine fraction wrapped 2g
 Active ingredient: petroleum-based spherical carbonaceous adsorbent obtained by oxidation and reduction treatment carbide spherical particulate porous carbon of hydrogen derived from at a high temperature (Spherical carbon adsorbent obtained by oxidizing and reducing spherical activated carbon at high temperature, which is derived from hydrocarbon from petroleum.)
 Dosage form: black fine granules
 Sheet described: chronic renal failure for the agent, Kremezin fine fraction wrapped 2g, KREMEZIN, 2g
Effects of this medicine
 Uremic toxin and its precursors in the digestive tract of patients with chronic renal failure(the underlying substance)is adsorbed, by being excreted with feces, loss of appetite, bad breath, nausea, as well as to improve the uremic symptoms such as itching , it will delay dialysis.
It usually used to delay the improvement and dialysis uremic symptoms in chronic renal failure (progressive).
 Please tell your doctor and pharmacist before certainly responsible for the following people to use.
• Before using this medicine, itch, there is the fact that out allergy symptoms such as rash. There is an obstruction in the digestive tract.
• If you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
• other you are using, such as medicine (you can strengthen the effect on each other, so there is also likely to weaken, please note, including OTC drugs and food products in use in the other).
Dosage regimen (proper use of this medicine)
 • Your dosage regimen is (your doctor)
 • Normally, adults, take the 1 package once(2g of the active ingredient) 3 times a day. Please Strictly follow the dosing instructions given by your doctor.
 • Do not drink at the same time if there is a medicine you are drinking to the other, as a guide, please drink by opening 30 minutes to 1 hour or more after other drugs taking. However, individual differences, since the difference between the drug may be considered, please pay attention to the effects of other drugs.
 • If you forget to drink, please drink as soon as possible when it is noticed. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, without drink it was minute to forget, please the missed dose the next of drinking time. Do not take two doses at once.
 • Please consult your doctor or pharmacist if you took too much of this medicine by mistake.
 • without the doctor's instructions, please do not stop taking the medicine in their own judgment.
Notes on life
• that I am with the after care that you use this medicine (side effects)
The main side effects, constipation, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal bloating, rash, itch, such as has been reported. If you notice these symptoms, please consult your doctor or pharmacist.
In rare cases symptoms appear, such as the following, may be the initial symptom of side effects indicated in brackets [].
In such cases, discontinue use, please immediately seek medical care.
There are no items mentioned applicable.
Other side effects do not describe all. If you notice any symptoms of concern other than the above came out, please consult your doctor or pharmacist.
Storage and other information
• infants, where it is not out of reach of children, direct sunlight, high temperature, please keep at room temperature away from moisture.
• If the agent is remaining, please discard it.
Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
Internal agent
July 2015 revision
The medicine can have side effects as well as the effect (benefit) (risk). It is possible to suppress the side effects as much as possible, it is important to bring out the effect of the maximum. To do so, we must have the cooperation and understanding of patients who are using this medicine.