部份中文克里美净处方资料（仅供参考）
英文名：Spherical suction charcoal
商品名：Kremezin Capsules
中文名：克里美净（球形活性炭）
生产商：田边三菱制药
药品简介 AST-120（Kremezin）中文名称:克里美净,活性炭 慢性肾衰竭的新选择 AST-120 (KREMEZIN®) 由口服的球形碳颗粒组成，可吸附胃肠道内的尿毒症毒素及其前体，使其随粪便排出体外。
慢性肾病（CKD）患者的血液中含有大量的硫酸吲哚酚和对甲酚硫酸盐等尿毒症毒素，这些毒素与CKD和心血管疾病的进展有关。
AST-120于1991年在日本获得批准，随后是韩国（2004 年）、台湾（2007 年）和菲律宾（2010 年），用于治疗进展性CKD患者的尿毒症症状并延长开始透析的时间。 クレメジンカプセル200mg／クレメジン細粒分包2g
药效分类名称
慢性肾功能衰竭药物
批准日期：2009年9月
商標名
KREMEZIN Capsules 200mg
KREMEZIN Fine Granules 2g
化学名
炭素
性状
为黑色球形颗粒，直径约0.2～0.4毫米，无异味。几乎不溶于水和乙醇（95）。
药效药理
1.对慢性肾功能衰竭的作用
(1) 对肾功能衰竭模型大鼠给药时，抑制肾功能衰竭病理学的恶化（维持摄食量/体重，抑制血清肌酐/尿素氮的增加，抑制肾小球滤过功能的下降，抑制肾功能的恶化组织病变），延长生存天数。
(2) 保守期 慢性肾功能衰竭患者服用后，可抑制血清肌酐升高，改善尿毒症症状，延长透析时间。
2. 作用机制
该药通过在胃肠道中吸附慢性肾功能衰竭时的尿毒症毒素并随粪便排出体外，具有改善尿毒症症状和延迟透析引入的作用。
适应症
尿毒症症状的改善和以下疾病透析延迟的引入
慢性肾功能衰竭（进行性）
用法与用量
一般成人每日6g，分3次口服。
包装
胶囊
200毫克：1,000粒（10粒x100粒）
细颗粒
2g：2g x 84
制造商和分销商
吴羽株式会社
销售
田边三菱制药株式会社 注：以上中文处方资料不够完整，使用者以原处方资料为准！
完整说明资料附件： https://www.info.pmda.go.jp/go/pack/3929003C1067_1_05/
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A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study of AST-120 (Kremezin) in patients with moderate to severe CKD.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: AST-120 (Kremezin; Kureha Chemical Industry Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) is an orally administered adsorbent showing adsorption ability superior to activated charcoal for certain organic compounds known to be precursors of substances that accumulate in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and that are believed to accelerate the decline in kidney function.
AST-120 is approved in Japan for prolonging time to hemodialysis therapy and improving uremic symptoms in patients with CKD.
METHODS: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study was designed to examine the nephroprotective effects of 3 doses of AST-120 versus placebo in adult patients with moderate to severe CKD and elevated serum indoxyl sulfate levels while following an adequate protein-intake diet.
Eligible patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 doses of AST-120 (0.9, 2.1, or 3.0 g) or placebo 3 times daily for 12 weeks.
RESULTS: AST-120 decreased serum indoxyl sulfate levels in a dose-dependent fashion. During the 12-week treatment period, AST-120 did not affect serum creatinine levels or 24-hour urine creatinine appearance.
Significant improvements in malaise were observed in a dose-dependent fashion. All doses of AST-120 were well tolerated and did not adversely affect the general health status of patients.
CONCLUSION: Results suggest that the dose of 3 g 3 times daily is an optimal dose for the US population, and it may be useful in the treatment of patients with CKD. Because AST-120 did not directly affect serum creatinine levels or 24-hour urine creatinine appearance, the composite end point of doubling of serum creatinine level, transplantation, and dialysis therapy would be appropriate for a confirmatory phase III therapeutic outcome study.
