BLINCYTO(BLINATUMOMAB)INJECTABLE;INJECTION 治疗急性淋巴膜细胞白血病一种的罕见形式
BLINCYTO Rx
Generic Name and Formulations:
Blinatumomab 35mcg; per vial; lyophilized pwd for IV infusion after reconstitution; preservative-free.
Company:
Amgen, Inc.
Indications for BLINCYTO:
Philadelphia chromosome-negative relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Adult:
Strictly follow preparation and administration instructions. Pre-medicate with IV dexamethasone 20mg 1 hour prior to 1st dose of each cycle, prior to a step dose, or when restarting infusion after interruption (≥4 hours). Hospitalization recommended for first 9 days of Cycle 1 and first 2 days of Cycle 2. One single cycle = 4 weeks of continuous IV infusion followed by a 2-week treatment-free interval. ≥18yrs (≥45kg): Give by continuous IV infusion at a rate of 10mL/hr for 24 hours or 5mL/hr for 48 hours. Cycle 1: 9mcg/day on Days 1–7 and 28mcg/day on Days 8–28. Subsequent cycles: 28mcg/day on Days 1–28. Treat up to a total of 5 cycles. Dose adjustments: see full labeling.
Children:
<18yrs: not established.
Warnings/Precautions:
Monitor for signs/symptoms of cytokine release syndrome or neurological toxicities; interrupt or discontinue as recommended (see full labeling). Monitor for infections; give antibiotic prophylaxis as appropriate. Monitor for tumor lysis syndrome; interrupt or discontinue as needed. Obtain lab tests (including WBC, ANC) during infusion; interrupt if prolonged neutropenia occurs. Monitor ALT, AST, GGT, and total bilirubin prior to and during treatment; interrupt if transaminases rise >5XULN or if bilirubin rises >3XULN. Risk of leukoencephalopathy, esp. in those with prior treatment with cranial irradiation and antileukemic chemotherapy (including high-dose methotrexate or intrathecal cytarabine). Renal impairment (CrCl <30mL/min) or hemodialysis. Elderly. Pregnancy (Cat.C). Nursing mothers: not recommended.
Interactions:
Caution with concomitant CYP450 substrates (esp. drugs with narrow therapeutic index); adjust dose as needed. Monitor for toxicity with warfarin. Monitor cyclosporine.
Pharmacological Class:
Bispecific CD19-directed CD3 T-cell engager.
Adverse Reactions:
Pyrexia, headache, peripheral edema, febrile neutropenia, nausea, hypokalemia, tremor, rash, constipation; pneumonia, sepsis, neutropenia, device-related infection, tremor, encephalopathy, confusion, overdose, possible immunogenicity.
REMS:
YES
How Supplied:
Pack—1 (single-use vial + IV solution stabilizer)
FDA批准Blincyto治疗急性淋巴膜细胞白血病一种的罕见形式
接受监管局批准的第一个抗-CD19药物
2014年12月3日美国食品和药品监管局(FDA)批准Blincyto(blinatumomab)治疗有费城染色体费城前体B-细胞急性淋巴膜细胞白血病(B-细胞ALL)患者,一种非常见形式的ALL。
前体 B-细胞ALL是一种迅速升长类型癌症其中骨髓制造太多B-细胞原始淋巴细胞,一种不成熟的白细胞。白血病患者的骨髓细胞有时发生费城染色体[Philadelphia chromosome]是一种异常 。美国国家癌症研究所估计2014年6,020美国人将被诊断有ALL和1,440 将死于该病。
Blincyto是免疫治疗的实例,一种治疗用人免疫系统的某些部分与疾病斗争例如癌症。Blincyto是吸引机体T-细胞,白细胞或淋巴细胞的一种类型,破坏白血病细胞的第一个被批准药物。该药物作用如同一种蛋白被称为CD19,它在大多数B-细胞原始淋巴细胞表面发现,和CD3,在T-细胞淋巴细胞上一种蛋白间的一种连接剂[connector]。它意向治疗癌症治疗后返回(复发的)或对既往治疗 不反应(难治性)的患者。
FDA的药品评价和研究中心血液学和肿瘤学产品室主任Richard Pazdur,医学博士说:“免疫治疗,尤其是Blincyto有其独特的作用机制,对有白血病患者尤其鼓舞人有前途。“”“认识到这个新治疗的潜能,FDA与承办单位在我们突破性治疗指定程序下主动共事便于批准这个新型药物。”
FDA授权Blincyto突破性治疗指定,优先审评和孤儿产品指定因为承办单位通过初步临床证据分别显示该药可能提供一个实质上改善超过可得到的治疗;在申请递交时药物有潜力,将在一个严重情况治疗中显著改善安全性或有效性;和该药是意向治疗一种罕见病。Blincyto正在被批准提前5个月处方药物用户费用目标日期2015年5月19日,监管局计划完成申请评审的日期。
在涉及 185 例有费城染色体-阴性复发或难治性前体B-细胞ALL成年临床试验中评价的Blincyto安全性和有效性。所有参加者通过用Blincyto输注至少4周治疗,一种利用针注射治疗药至血流的方法。结果显示32%参加者无疾病证据(完全消退)共约6.7个月。
正在FDA的加速批准程序下批准Blincyto,该程序允许根据显示对一个替代性终点合理地可能预测对患者获益的临床数据批准一个药物治疗一种严重或危及生命疾病。当公司进行验证性临床试验这个程序提供患者较早得到鼓舞人有前途新药。FDA正在要求Blincyto的制造商进行一项研究证实药物在有复发的或难治性费城-阴性前体B-细胞ALL参加者中改进生存。
Blincyto带有一个黑框警告警戒患者和卫生保健专业人员有些临床试验参加者在首次治疗开始时有低血压和呼吸困难(细胞因子释放综合征)问题,经受一个短时间思想困难(脑病变encephalopathy)或在中枢神经系统中副作用。Blincyto-治疗参加者所见最常见副作用是发热,头痛,周边水肿,发热性中性粒细胞减少,恶心,低钾血症,疲乏,便秘,腹泻和震颤。
FDA批准Blincyto有一个风险评价和减轻战略(REMS),由一个交流计划告知卫生保健提供者关于严重风险和为准备潜能和给药错误组成。