Generic Name and Formulations:
Ciprofloxacin (as HCl) 250mg, 500mg; tabs.
Company:
Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Indications for CIPRO:
Susceptible infections, including lower respiratory tract, skin and skin structures, bone and joint, acute sinusitis, complicated intraabdominal (w. metronidazole), UTIs, chronic bacterial prostatitis, acute uncomplicated cystitis in females. Postexposure prophylaxis and treatment of anthrax. Infectious diarrhea, typhoid fever, uncomplicated cervical and urethral gonorrhea: oral form only. Nosocomial pneumonia, empiric therapy in febrile neutropenia: IV form only.
Adult Dose for CIPRO:
See full labeling. Swallow tabs whole, do not chew microcapsules for susp. ≥18yrs: Sinusitis, typhoid fever: 500mg every 12hrs for 10 days. Lower respiratory tract, skin and skin structure: 500–750mg every 12hrs for 7–14 days. Intraabdominal (w. metronidazole): 500mg every 12hrs for 7–14 days. Bone and joint: 500–750mg every 12hrs for at least 4–6 weeks. Infectious diarrhea: 500mg every 12hrs for 5–7 days. Acute uncomplicated cystitis due to E. coli, S. saprophyticus in females: 250mg every 12hrs for 3 days (oral forms only). Other UTIs: 250–500mg every 12hrs for 7–14 days. Prostatitis: 500mg every 12hrs for 28 days. Gonorrhea: 250mg once. Postexposure prophylaxis of inhalational anthrax: 500mg every 12hrs for 60 days (start as soon as possible after exposure). Treatment of inhalational, cutaneous, GI, or oropharyngeal anthrax: see CDC recommendations. Renal dysfunction (CrCl 30–50mL/min): 250–500mg every 12hrs; (CrCl 5–29mL/min): 250–500mg every 18hrs; hemo- or peritoneal dialysis: 250–500mg every 24hrs (after dialysis).
Children's Dose for CIPRO:
<18yrs: usually not recommended. Swallow tabs whole, do not chew microcapsules for susp. 1–17yrs: Complicated UTIs or pyelonephritis: 10–20mg/kg (max 750mg) every 12hrs for 10–21 days (see full labeling). Postexposure prophylaxis of inhalational anthrax: 15mg/kg (max 500mg/dose) every 12hrs for 60 days (start as soon as possible after exposure). Treatment of inhalational, cutaneous, GI, or oropharyngeal anthrax: see CDC recommendations.
See Also:
CIPRO IV CONCENTRATE
CIPRO IV PREMIXED
CIPRO ORAL SUSPENSION
CIPRO
XR
Pharmacological Class:
Quinolone.
Contraindications:
Concomitant tizanidine.
Warnings/Precautions:
XR not interchangeable with other forms. Increased risk of tendinitis or tendon rupture esp. in patients >60yrs, or those with kidney, heart or lung transplants. Discontinue if tendon pain, inflammation, rupture occur. History of myasthenia gravis; avoid. Renal (except XR tabs for uncomplicated UTIs) or hepatic dysfunction: reduce dose. CNS disorders (eg, cerebral arteriosclerosis, epilepsy) that increase seizure risk. History of QT prolongation or proarrhythmic conditions (eg, hypokalemia, bradycardia, recent MI). Discontinue if rash, jaundice, phototoxicity, other signs of hypersensitivity, hepatitis, CNS disorders, or peripheral neuropathy occur. History of joint-related disorders (esp. children). Maintain adequate hydration, avoid alkaline urine to avoid crystalluria. May mask symptoms of syphilis; test for syphilis before treating gonorrhea, then follow-up after 3 months. Monitor blood, renal, hepatic function in prolonged use. Avoid excessive sun and UV light. Elderly. Pregnancy (Cat.C). Nursing mothers: not recommended.
Interactions:
See Contraindications. Potentiates hypotensive and sedative effects of tizanidine. Avoid theophylline (increases theophylline levels; may potentiate other CYP1A2 substrates), urinary alkalinizers; oral forms with antacids, calcium, iron, zinc, sucralfate, buffered forms of didanosine, other highly buffered drugs (may give ciprofloxacin 2 hrs before or 6 hrs after); high ciprofloxacin doses with NSAIDs (increases seizure risk). Potentiates caffeine and lidocaine. Potentiated by probenecid. Severe hypoglycemia with glyburide (rare). Increased serum creatinine with cyclosporine. Monitor methotrexate, oral anticoagulants (potentiation), phenytoin (variable effects), clozapine and ropinirole (potentiation). Increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture with corticosteroids. Caution with sildenafil and other drugs that lower seizure threshold. Increased risk of QT prolongation with Class IA or III antiarrhythmics. Reduced absorption with omeprazole (XR).
Adverse Reactions:
Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, headache, CNS disturbances (eg, convulsions, dizziness, nervousness, insomnia, nightmares, paranoia), rash, eosinophilia, elevated liver enzymes, photosensitivity, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, myalgia, tendinitis/rupture, joint-related disorders (children), local reactions (inj); rare: increased intracranial pressure, toxic psychosis; peripheral neuropathy (may be irreversible), C. difficile-associated diarrhea.
Note:
See MMWR Vol 50, No.42 (Oct. 26, 2001) for more information on anthrax.
How Supplied:
Tabs—100; Oral Susp—100mL; Inj Conc (20mL, 40mL)—1; Infusion (100mL, 200mL)—1; XR Tabs—50, 100 |
