Keryx公司称其合作伙伴日本Tobacco公司近日向日本卫生部厚生劳动省提交了Zerenex（ferric citrate）治疗慢性肾病（CDK）患者的高磷酸盐血症的新药上市申请。Tobacco 公司于2007年从Keryx公司获得Zerenex的日本独占权。在美国，该口服铁基磷酸盐结合剂目前处在用于需透析的终末期肾病患者的高磷酸盐血症治疗的III期临床试验阶段。Keryx公司计划在本季度分别向FDA和EMA提交该适应症的新药申请。Keryx公司从Panion公司获得了该药除亚太地区（日本除外）的授权。

控制并发症，新药成肾病患者福音
药物介绍显示，Zerenex主要用于接受血液透析（又称血透、洗肾）的终末期肾脏疾病患者。终末期肾脏疾病患者的肾脏功能已不健全，只能通过血透将血液中代谢废物和过多电解质排出。由于涉及人体内外物质交换，目前血透患者很容易出现体内物质平衡被打破的并发症，包括高磷血症、代谢性酸中毒与钙化等不良反应。临床结果显示，Zerenex能大幅降低与控制患者血透出现上述并发症的可能性，使人体维持物质平衡，延长终末期肾病患者生命.
 

Keryx Biopharmaceuticals Announces Zerenex™ (ferric citrate)
Zerenex™ (ferric citrate) Meets Primary and All Key Secondary Endpoints in Phase 3 Long-Term Study as a Treatment for Hyperphosphatemia in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Dialysis
Keryx Biopharmaceuticals Announces Zerenex™ (ferric citrate) Meets Primary and All Key Secondary Endpoints in Phase 3 Long-Term Study as a Treatment for Hyperphosphatemia in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Dialysis
Zerenex Significantly Increases Iron Storage Parameters and Decreases Need for Intravenous Iron and Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents Versus Active Control
U.S. and European New Drug Application Submissions Anticipated in Second Quarter 2013
Conference Call to Be Held Today, Monday, January 28, 2013, at 8:00 am Eastern Time

NEW YORK, Jan. 28, 2013 /PRNewswire/ – Keryx Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. (KERX) today announced successful top-line results from the long-term Phase 3 study of Zerenex™ (ferric citrate), the Company’s ferric iron-based phosphate binder drug candidate, for the treatment of elevated serum phosphorus levels, or hyperphosphatemia, in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis.  In this study, Zerenex met the study’s primary endpoint, described below, demonstrating a highly statistically significant change in serum phosphorus versus placebo over the four-week Efficacy Assessment Period of the study.  In addition, Zerenex met the key secondary endpoints of increasing ferritin and transferrin saturation (TSAT) and
reducing the use of intravenous (IV) iron and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) versus the active control over the 52-week Safety Assessment Period of the study. This long-term study was the final component of the Company’s Phase 3 registration program, which was conducted pursuant to a Special Protocol Assessment (SPA) with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In April 2011, the Company reported the positive final dataset from the short-term study component of this Phase 3 registration program.  The Company expects to submit a New Drug Application (NDA) with the FDA and a Marketing Authorization Application (MAA) with the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for Zerenex in the second quarter of 2013.
Study Design
This Phase 3 long-term study was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, safety and efficacy clinical trial in 441 ESRD patients on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. The study consisted of a 2-week washout period followed by a 52-week Safety Assessment Period in which subjects were randomized 2:1 to receive either Zerenex or an active control (Renvela® [sevelamer carbonate] and/or Phoslo® [calcium acetate]). The 52-week Safety Assessment Period was followed by a 4-week Efficacy Assessment Period. During the Efficacy Assessment Period, o
nly those subjects randomized to treatment with Zerenex during the Safety Assessment Period were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either continue treatment with Zerenex or switch to placebo for a 4-week treatment period. Subjects were titrated during the study to achieve serum phosphorus levels that ranged between 3.5 to 5.5 mg/dL.
The primary objectives of this study were to determine the long-term safety of KRX-0502 (ferric citrate) in subjects with ESRD undergoing either hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, and the efficacy of Zerenex following 52 weeks of treatment in a four-week, randomized, open-label, placebo-controlled Efficacy Assessment Period. Zerenex was administered using a 1 gram oral caplet formulation.
Oral iron therapy was not permitted during the course of the study. IV iron therapy was not permitted if a subject’s serum ferritin level was greater than 1,000 ng/mL or the transferrin saturation (TSAT) was greater than 30%. The use of ESAs was at the physician’s discretion.
Primary Efficacy Endpoint
The primary efficacy endpoint of this trial was the mean change in serum phosphorus from baseline (Week 52) to end of the four-week Efficacy Assessment Period (Week 56) versus placebo in the Intent-to-Treat (ITT) group. The ITT group included 183 subjects, representing all subjects who took at least one dose of Zerenex or placebo in the Efficacy Assessment Period and provided at least one post-baseline efficacy assessment.
Zerenex met the primary efficacy endpoint with a highly statistically significant result (p<0.0001).
Mean Serum Phosphorus (mg/dL) Placebo(n=91) Zerenex(n=92)
Baseline (Week 52) 5.3 5.2
End of Treatment1 (Week 56) 7.2 4.9
Change from Baseline at Week 56 1.9 -0.3
Least Squares (LS) Mean Difference from Placebo2p-value2            -2.3p<0.0001 
1  Last observation carried forward was used for missing data.
2  The LS Mean treatment difference and p-value is created via an ANCOVA model with treatment as the fixed effect and baseline as the covariate.
Key Secondary Efficacy Endpoints Related to Serum Phosphorus
During the 52-week Safety Assessment Period, Zerenex maintained serum phosphorus in the normal range, with highly statistically significant changes in mean serum phosphorus concentration at Weeks 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 as compared to baseline (Day 0).
n=277 Baseline Week
12 24 36 48 52
Zerenex Mean SerumPhosphorus (mg/dL)1 7.4 5.4 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3
Change from Baseline   -2.0 -2.2 -2.2 -2.1 -2.1
% Change from Baseline   -27.0% -29.7% -29.7% -28.4% -28.4%
p-value   <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0
001 
1  Last observation carried forward was used for missing data.
In addition, as agreed to with the European Medicines Agency (EMA), the treatment difference between Zerenex and Renvela® (sevelamer carbonate) at Week 12 of the Safety Assessment Period in terms of change from baseline (Day 0) in serum phosphorus was analyzed.  Zerenex successfully achieved the non-inferiority endpoint versus Renvela®.
Key Secondary Efficacy Endpoints Related to Iron
The objectives of the key iron-related secondary endpoints, which were all pre-specified in the statistical analysis plan, were to corroborate prior data which suggested that Zerenex may increase iron storage parameters and reduce the need for IV iron and/or ESAs. Zerenex met all the key secondary efficacy endpoints related to iron with statistically significant treatment differences versus the active control group (Renvela® [sevelamer carbonate] and/or Phoslo® [calcium acetate]), as follows:
Mean Change in Ferritin
Zerenex demonstrated a statistically significant treatment difference versus the active control group in mean change in serum ferritin from baseline (Day 0) to Week 52.
Mean Ferritin (ng/mL)1 Active Controls(n=134) Zerenex(n=249)
Baseline (Day 0) 616 595
Week 12 657 751
Week 24 658 847
Week 36 636 863
Week 48 627 882
Week 52 625 897
Change from Baseline at Week 52% Change from Baseline                           91.5%           30250.8%
LS Mean Difference from Active Control Group
at Week 522   286
p-value2    p<0.0001 
1  Last observation carried forward was used for missing data.
2  The LS Mean treatment difference and p-value is created via an ANCOVA model with treatment as the fixed effect and baseline as the covariate.
Mean Change in TSAT
Zerenex demonstrated a statistically significant treatment difference versus the active control group in mean change in TSAT from baseline (Day 0) to Week 52.
Mean TSAT (%)1 Active Controls(n=131) Zerenex(n=244)
Baseline (Day 0) 31 31
Week 12 31 40
Week 24 32 40
Week 36 30 40
Week 48 29 41
Week 52 30 39
Change from Baseline at Week 52% Change from Baseline                          -1-3.2%    
       825.8%
LS Mean Difference from Active Control Group
at Week 522   10
p-value2   p<0.0001 
1  Last observation carried forward was used for missing data.
2  The LS Mean treatment difference and p-value is created via an ANCOVA model with treatment as the fixed effect and baseline as the covariate.
Cumulative IV iron Use
Each subject’s average cumulative IV iron intake was calculated over the 52-week Safety Assessment Period.  The ITT consisted of 278 subjects and 138 subjects for the Zerenex and active control groups, respectively.  Zerenex demonstrated a 51.6% decrease in median IV iron intake as compared to the active control group (p<0.0001).
Cumulative Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent (ESA) Use
Each subject’s average cumulative ESA intake was calculated over the 52-week Safety Assessment Period.  The ITT consisted of 280 subjects and 141 subjects for the Zerenex and active control groups, respectively.  Zerenex demonstrated a 27.1% decrease in median ESA intake as compared to the active control group (p=0.0322).
Mean Change in Hemoglobin
Zerenex demonstrated a statistically significant treatment difference versus the active control group in mean change in hemoglobin from baseline (Day 0) to Week 52.
Mean Hemoglobin (g/dL)1 Active Controls(n=130) Zerenex(n=244)
Baseline (Day 0) 11.7 11.6
Week 52 11.1 11.4
Change from Baseline at Week 52 -0.6 -0.2
LS Mean Difference from Active Control Group
at Week 522   0.4
p-value2   p=0.0105 
1  Last observation carried forward was used for missing data.
2  The LS Mean treatment difference and p-value is created via an ANCOVA model with treatment as the fixed effect and baseline as the covariate.
Safety and Tolerability Profile
For reference, subjects previously intolerant to Renvela® (sevelamer carbonate) and/or Phoslo® (calcium acetate) were ineligible to participate in this study.  Consistent with previous studies, Zerenex appeared safe and well tolerated in this study. Based on an analysis of safety data, the side-effect profile of Zerenex and the Active Control group appeared similar, with the most common adverse events gastrointestinal-related.  The overall rate of gastrointestinal-related adverse events, excluding feces discoloration which is an asymptomatic Zerenex side effect, were 39% Zerenex vs. 44% Active Control.  The most common gastrointestinal adverse events were: diarrhea, including soft stools (27% Zerenex vs. 14% Active Control), nausea (14% Zerenex vs. 14% Active Control), vomiting (9% Zerenex vs. 13% Active Control) and constipation (8% Zerenex vs. 5% Active Control). Adverse events were generally characterized as mild to moderate in nature.
The overall serious adverse event rates in the study were 34% Zerenex vs. 43% Active Control.  Importantly, there were no clinically meaningful or statistically significant differences between Z
erenex and the active control group in serum calcium levels and liver enzymes, as measured by alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST).
The full efficacy and safety data from the study is expected to be presented at a future medical conference.
Dr. Julia Lewis, Professor of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, member of the Executive Committee of the Collaborative Study Group and Study Chair of the Zerenex Phase 3 registration program, commented, “We are very excited by the results announced today.  The data from this study confirm that Zerenex is a safe and effective phosphate binder with the added benefit of improving patients’ iron levels while utilizing significantly less IV iron and ESAs. There is a clear need for viable alternatives to the marketed phosphate binders, and Zerenex can play a major role by not only providing adequate phosphate binding, but also providing additional benefits.”
Ron Bentsur, Chief Executive Officer of Keryx, stated, “We are thrilled by the robust outcome of this pivotal study for Zerenex, particularly with the magnitude of the drug’s effect on iron and anemia parameters, which should prominently differentiate Zerenex versus all the currently marketed phosphate binders.  We believe that the ability to treat hyperphosphatemia, while also increasing iron storage parameters and reducing the need for IV iron and ESAs, sets a new paradigm for how a phosphate binder can be used to treat patients with end-stage renal disease on dialysis.  We believe that these data position Zerenex to potentially become market leader in the phosphate binder market.”  Mr. Bentsur continued, “We sincerely thank the study investigators and coordinators, and are particularly grateful to the Collaborative Study Group for their expertise, guidance and dedication to the clinical development of Zerenex.”
Zerenex is also in Phase 2 development in the U.S. for the management of phosphorus and iron deficiency in anemic patients with Stage 3 to 5 non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease.
Keryx holds a worldwide license (except for certain Asian Pacific countries) to Zerenex (ferriccitrate) from Panion & BF Biotech, Inc. The Japanese rights are sublicensed by Keryx to Japan Tobacco Inc. (JT) and Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Torii).  On January 7, 2013, JT announced the filing of its NDA with the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare for marketing approval of ferric citrate in Japan for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).  The NDA filing is supported by efficacy and safety data from several successfully completed Phase 3 studies in CKD patients with hyperphosphatemia in Japan.
Conference Call Information
Keryx will host a conference call today, January 28, 2013 at 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time to present the top-line results from this long-term Phase 3 study for Zerenex. The conference call can be accessed by dialing 1-877-869-3847 (U.S.), 1-201-689-8261 (outside the U.S.), call-in ID: KERYX. The rebroadcast of the conference call will be available for replay at http://www.keryx.com, for a period of 15 days after the call.
About Special Protocol Assessments
The Special Protocol Assessment (SPA) process is a procedure by which the FDA provides official eva luation and written guidance on the design and size of proposed protocols t
hat are intended to form the basis for a new drug application. Final marketing approval depends on the efficacy and safety results, including the adverse event profile, and an eva luation of the benefit/risk of treatment demonstrated in the Phase 3 clinical program. The SPA agreement may only be changed through a written agreement between the sponsor and the FDA, or if the FDA becomes aware of a substantial scientific issue essential to product efficacy or safety. For more information on Special Protocol Assessment, please visit:
About Hyperphosphatemia
In the United States, according to data from the U.S. Renal Data System, there are approximately 600,000 patients with end-stage renal disease, or ESRD, and the number of ESRD patients is projected to rise in the future. The majority of ESRD patients in the United States, over 400,000, require dialysis. Worldwide, there are approximately 2.8 million patients with ESRD, with the majority of ESRD patients, over 2 million, requiring dialysis. Phosphate retention and the resulting hyperphosphatemia in patients with ESRD on dialysis are usually associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism, renal osteodystrophy, soft tissue mineralization and the progression of renal failure. ESRD patients usually require treatment with phosphate-binding agents to lower and maintain serum phosphorus at acceptable levels. The need for alternative phosphate-binding agents has long been recognized, especially given the increasing preva lence of ESRD as well as shortcomings with current therapies. Zerenex has the potential to be an effective and safe treatment in lowering and/or maintaining normal serum phosphorus levels in patients with ESRD and hyperphosphatemia.
The market for phosphate binders to treat hyperphosphatemia in ESRD patients is approaching $1.5 billion worldwide.
About Keryx Biopharmaceuticals, Inc.
Keryx Biopharmaceuticals is focused on the acquisition, development and commercialization of medically important pharmaceutical products for the treatment of renal disease. Keryx is developing Zerenex (ferric citrate), an oral, ferric iron-based compound that has the capacity to bind to phosphate and form non-absorbable complexes. Zerenex has completed a U.S.-based Phase 3 clinical program for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia (elevated phosphate levels) in patients with end-stage renal disease, conducted pursuant to a Special Protocol Assessment (SPA) agreement with the FDA, and Keryx expects to submit an NDA with the FDA and a MAA with the EMA in the second quarter of 2013.  Zerenex is also in Phase 2 development in the U.S. for the management of phosphorus and iron deficiency in anemic patients with Stage 3 to 5 non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease.  In addition, Keryx’s Japanese partner, Japan Tobacco Inc. and Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. has filed its New Drug Application for marketing approval of ferric citrate in Japan for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease.  Keryx is headquartered in New York City.