inib exposures lower than those in humans at the 24 mg clinical dose.
14 CLINICAL STUDIES
14.1 Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
A multicenter, randomized (2:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 392 patients with locally recurrent or metastatic radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and radiographic evidence of disease progression within 12 months prior to randomization, confirmed by independent radiologic review. Radioactive iodine-refractory was defined as 1 or more measurable lesions with no iodine uptake on RAI scan, iodine uptake with progression within 12 months of RAI therapy, or having received cumulative RAI activity of >600 mCi (22 GBq) with the last dose administered at least 6 months prior to study entry. Patients were randomized to receive LENVIMA 24 mg once daily (n=261) or placebo (n=131) until disease progression. Randomization was stratified by geographic region, prior VEGF/VEGFR-targeted therapy, and age. The major efficacy outcome measure was progression-free survival as determined by blinded independent radiologic review using Response eva luation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1. Independent review confirmation of disease progression was required prior to discontinuing patients from the randomization phase of the study. Other efficacy outcome measures included objective response rate and overall survival. Patients in the placebo arm could receive lenvatinib following independent review confirmation of disease progression.
Of the 392 patients randomized, 51% were male, the median age was 63 years, 40% were older than 65 years, 79% were White, 54% had an ECOG performance status of 0, and 24% had received 1 prior VEGF/VEGFR-targeted therapy. Metastases were present in 99% of the patients: lungs in 89%, lymph nodes in 52%, bone in 39%, liver in 18%, and brain in 4%. The histological diagnoses were papillary thyroid cancer (66%) and follicular thyroid cancer (34%); of those with follicular histology, 44% had Hürthle cell and 11% had clear cell subtypes. In the LENVIMA arm, 67% of patients did not demonstrate iodine uptake on any radioiodine scan compared to 77% in the placebo arm. Additionally, 59% of patients on the LENVIMA arm and 61% of patients on placebo arm progressed, according to RECIST 1.1, within 12 months of prior 131I therapy; 19.2% of patients on the LENVIMA arm and 17.6% of patients on placebo arm received prior cumulative activity of >600 mCi or 22 gigabecquerels (GBq) 131I, with the last dose administered at least 6 months prior to study entry. The median cumulative RAI activity administered prior to study entry was 350 mCi (12.95 GBq).
A statistically significant prolongation in PFS was demonstrated in LENVIMA-treated patients compared to those receiving placebo (see Table 8 and Figure 1). Upon confirmation of progression, 109 (83%) patients randomly assigned to placebo crossed over to receive open-label LENVIMA.
Table 8: Efficacy Results for Study 1
LENVIMA
N=261 Placebo
N=131
Progression-free Survivala
Number of events (%) 107 (41) 113 (86)
Progressive disease 93 (36) 109 (83)
Death 14 (5) 4 (3)
Median PFS in months (95% CI) 18.3 (15.1, NE) 3.6 (2.2, 3.7)
Hazard ratio (95% CI)b 0.21 (0.16, 0.28)
P-valuec <0.001
Objective Response Rat |
