Glipizide and Metformin HCl Tablets2.5 mg/250 mg2.5 mg/500 mg5 mg/500 mg
Rx Only

Glipizide and Metformin HCl Tablets contains two oral antihyperglycemic drugs used in the management of type 2 diabetes, Glipizide and Metformin Hydrochloride.

Glipizide is an oral antihyperglycemic drug of the sulfonylurea class. The chemical name for Glipizide is 1-cyclohexyl-3-[[p-[2-(5-methylpyrazinecarboxamido)ethyl]phenyl] sulfonyl]urea. Glipizide is a whitish, odorless powder with a molecular formula of CHNOS, a molecular weight of 445.55 and a pKa of 5.9. It is insoluble in water and alcohols, but soluble in 0.1 N NaOH; it is freely soluble in dimethylformamide. The structural formula is represented below.

Metformin hydrochloride is an oral antihyperglycemic drug used in the management of type 2 diabetes. Metformin hydrochloride (N,N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide monohydrochloride) is not chemically or pharmacologically related to sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, or α-glucosidase inhibitors. It is a white to off-white crystalline compound with a molecular formula of CHClN (monohydrochloride) and a molecular weight of 165.63. Metformin hydrochloride is freely soluble in water and is practically insoluble in acetone, ether, and chloroform. The pKa of metformin is 12.4. The pH of a 1% aqueous solution of metformin hydrochloride is 6.68. The structural formula is as shown:

Glipizide and Metformin HCl Tablets is available for oral administration in tablets containing 2.5 mg Glipizide with 250 mg Metformin Hydrochloride, 2.5 mg Glipizide with 500 mg Metformin Hydrochloride, and 5 mg Glipizide with 500 mg Metformin Hydrochloride. In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: Sodium Starch Glycolate, Corn Starch, Povidone, Magnesium Stearate, Colloidal Silicon Dioxide, Hypromellose, Talc, Titanium Dioxide, Polyethylene Glycol 6000, Propylene Glycol and Iron Oxide Red. The tablets are film coated, which provides color differentiation.

Glipizide and Metformin HCl Tablets combines glipizide and metformin hydrochloride, two antihyperglycemic agents with complementary mechanisms of action, to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Glipizide appears to lower blood glucose acutely by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas, an effect dependent upon functioning beta cells in the pancreatic islets. Extrapancreatic effects may play a part in the mechanism of action of oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs. The mechanism by which glipizide lowers blood glucose during long-term administration has not been clearly established. In man, stimulation of insulin secretion by glipizide in response to a meal is undoubtedly of major importance. Fasting insulin levels are not elevated even on long-term glipizide administration, but the postprandial insulin response continues to be enhanced after at least 6 months of treatment.

Metformin hydrochloride is an antihyperglycemic agent that improves glucose tolerance in patients with type 2 diabetes, lowering both basal and postprandial plasma glucose.Metformin Hydrochloride decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.

Absorption and Bioavailability

Glipizide and Metformin HCl Tablets

In a single-dose study in healthy subjects, the glipizide and metfo