Efient* 5 mg film-coated tablets. Efient 10mg film-coated t(四)
astric pH: Daily co-administration of ranitidine (an H2 blocker) or lansoprazole (a proton pump inhibitor) did not change the prasugrel active metabolite's AUC and Tmax, but decreased the Cmax by 14% and 29%, respectively. In the phase 3 clinical trial, Efient was administered without regard to co-administration of a proton pump inhibitor or H2 blocker. Administration of the 60 mg prasugrel loading dose without concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors may provide most rapid onset of action.
Inhibitors of CYP3A: Ketoconazole (400 mg daily), a selective and potent inhibitor of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5, did not affect prasugrel-mediated inhibition of platelet aggregation or the prasugrel active metabolite's AUC and Tmax, but decreased the Cmax by 34% to 46%. Therefore, CYP3A inhibitors such as azol antifungals, HIV protease inhibitors, clarithromycin, telithromycin, verapamil, diltiazem, indinavir, ciprofloxacin, and grapefruit juice are not anticipated to have a significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite.
Inducers of cytochromes P450: Rifampicin (600 mg daily), a potent inducer of CYP3A and CYP2B6, and an inducer of CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2C8, did not significantly change the pharmacokinetics of prasugrel. Therefore, known CYP3A inducers such as rifampicin, carbamazepine, and other inducers of cytochromes P450 are not anticipated to have significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite.
Effects of Efient on other medicinal products
Digoxin: Prasugrel has no clinically significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin.
Medicinal products metabolised by CYP2C9: Prasugrel did not inhibit CYP2C9, as it did not affect the pharmacokinetics of S-warfarin. Because of the potential for increased risk of bleeding, warfarin and Efient should be co-administered with caution (see section 4.4).
Medicinal products metabolised by CYP2B6: Prasugrel is a weak inhibitor of CYP2B6. In healthy subjects, prasugrel decreased exposure to hydroxybupropion, a CYP2B6-mediated metabolite of bupropion, by 23%. This effect is likely to be of clinical concern only when prasugrel is co-administered with medicinal products for which CYP2B6 is the only metabolic pathway, and have a narrow therapeutic window (e.g., cyclophosphamide, efavirenz).
4.6 Pregnancy and lactation
No clinical study has been conducted in pregnant or lactating women.
Animal studies do not indicate direct harmful effects with respect to pregnancy, embryonal/foetal development, parturition or postnatal development (see section 5.3). Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of a human response, Efient should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to the foetus.
It is unknown whether prasugrel is excreted in human breast milk. Animal studies have shown excretion of prasugrel in breast milk. The use of prasugrel during breastfeeding is not recommended.
Prasugrel had no effect on fertility of male and female rats at oral doses up to an exposure 240-times the recommended daily human maintenance dose (based on mg/m2).
4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
No studies on the effects on ability to drive and use machines have been performed. Prasugrel is expected to have no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines.
4.8 Undesirable effects
a. Summary of the safety profile
Safety in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing PC |
